Ncaj Ntsej muag Txiv kab ntxwv
Cov xim ncaj ncaj yog nyob hauv nruab nrab thiab tsis muaj zog tseem ceeb theem nruab nrab kub kom lub rwj, yam tsis muaj kev pab mordant zas, nws yog nrog cov paj rwb ua ke ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm hydrogen ua ke ntawm van der Waals quab yuam, mas siv nyob rau hauv fiber, silk, paj rwb, tawv thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, tseem muaj cov ntawv thov hauv papermaking kev lag luam, thiab lwm yam. Lawv tuaj yeem faib ua azo, stilbene thiab lwm hom raws li lawv cov qauv.
Lub stainer yog nqus mus rau saum npoo los ntawm fiber ntau hauv kev daws, thiab tom qab ntawd txuas ntxiv mus rau thaj tsam amorphous ntawm lub fiber, sib sau hydrogen ua ke nrog cov fiber macromolecules thiab sib txuas nrog van der Waals rog.
Txawv txo
Kev txiav tawm ntau dhau: thaum qhov kub dhau lawm los yog cov tshuaj sodium sodium hydroxide ntau dhau, cov xim zas yuav luag poob nws qhov kev cuam tshuam rau lub fiber, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau lub qub xim tom qab oxidation;
Dehalogenation: nyob rau hauv cov khoom cua ntawm vat dyes, halogenation feem ntau siv los txhim kho cov xim thiab dyeing khoom ntawm dyes. Dyes muaj cov pab pawg halogen nyob rau hauv cov molecules yog nquag rau dehalogenation hauv qab kub thiab concentrated alkali. Tom qab oxidation, xim yog xim liab, thiab cov khoom nrawm nrawm los ntawm chlorine bleaching yog txo;
Kev rov ua dua ntawm cov xim lwg me me: yog tias qhov concentration ntawm caustic sis dej qab zib tsawg dhau, kev rov qab ntawm zas xim yuav tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xiav anthrone dyes. Yog hais tias qhov concentration ntawm caustic sis dej qab zib tsawg dhau, nws yuav tsim cov tshuaj pleev xim tsis muaj zog;
Hydrolysis ntawm dyestuff: qhov txo dyestuff nrog amide tus qauv yuav hydrolyze ntawm qhov kub thiab alkali concentration, uas yuav hloov lub teeb xim, kev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab xim ceev;
Dye crystallization: thaum cov concentration ntawm zas xim cryptochrome ntau dhau, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cryptochrome crystallization thiab nag lossis daus yuav tshwm sim thiab cuam tshuam rau lub cev tsis zoo.
Cim npe nrov: cov txiv kab ntxwv zas xim ncaj qha, Tuam Tshoj, tuam ntxhab, cov chaw muag khoom, lub Hoobkas, pheej yig, luv nqi, quotation, qis tus nqi, dawb qauv
