Pigments yog insoluble, particulate khoom siv rau xim. Lawv tsim cov xim los ntawm absorbing thiab reflecting tej wavelengths ntawm lub teeb. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm pigments feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm optics thiab chemistry. Kab lus no yuav ua tib zoo saib seb cov pigments ua haujlwm li cas, nrog rau lawv cov qauv tsim, xim tsim mechanism, thiab daim ntawv thov hauv xov xwm sib txawv.
Basic Structure ntawm Pigments
Pigments yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom me me, qhov loj thiab cov duab uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov xim. Pigment hais feem ntau yog inorganic los yog organic tebchaw, uas yog dispersed nyob rau hauv nruab nrab los tsim cov xim peb pom. Qhov loj me me ntawm cov xim tuaj yeem nyob ntawm nanometers mus rau micrometers, uas cuam tshuam rau cov pob tshab, gloss thiab xim siv ntawm cov xim.
Xim Generation Mechanism ntawm Pigments
Cov xim tsim mechanism ntawm pigments tsuas yog nyob ntawm lawv qhov nqus thiab tawg ntawm lub teeb. Thaum lub teeb ci rau ntawm cov xim pigment, cov xim absorbs cov wavelengths ntawm lub teeb thaum xav txog lwm cov wavelengths ntawm lub teeb. Cov xim peb pom yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo no.
Piv txwv li, liab pigment absorbs xiav thiab ntsuab teeb thiab qhia txog lub teeb liab. Qhov kev xaiv haum thiab kev cuam tshuam cov khoom no yog txiav txim los ntawm cov qauv tshuaj ntawm cov xim. Pigments nrog cov qauv tshuaj sib txawv nqus thiab cuam tshuam qhov sib txawv wavelengths ntawm lub teeb, yog li qhia cov xim sib txawv.
Kev siv cov Pigments nyob rau hauv sib txawv Media
Daim ntawv thov cov xim yog dav heev, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau kev pleev xim, luam ntawv, textiles, plastics thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Hauv cov ntawv thov no, cov xim yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog cov xov xwm sib txawv kom ua tiav cov xim zoo tshaj plaws.
Painting thiab Printing
Hauv kev pleev xim thiab luam ntawv, cov xim feem ntau yog sib xyaw nrog cov binders thiab cov kuab tshuaj los ua cov xim los yog inks. Kev xaiv thiab sib xyaw ntawm cov pigments ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau xim, gloss thiab durability ntawm kev ua haujlwm kawg.
Textiles thiab Plastics
Hauv kev lag luam textile thiab yas, pigments feem ntau yog ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv daim ntawv masterbatches lossis pre-dispersions. Qhov no ua kom cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov xim hauv cov ntaub ntawv, yog li ua tiav cov xim sib xws.
Khoom siv tsev
Hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov xim pigments feem ntau siv rau hauv cov khoom xws li sab nrauv phab ntsa coatings, flooring thiab vuas. Cov pigments no yuav tsum muaj huab cua tsis zoo thiab UV tiv thaiv kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv tuav cov xim ci hauv kev siv mus ntev.
Xaus
Pigments yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav cov xim, thiab lawv txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog kev nqus thiab tawg ntawm lub teeb. Ntau yam xim muaj peev xwm ua tiav los ntawm kev xaiv ntau hom pigments thiab kho lawv lub xeev dispersion hauv nruab nrab. Pigments ua si lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim txuj ci thiab kev lag luam.