Cov qauv hluav taws xob ntawm cov organic pigments tsuas yog suav nrog tshuaj synthesis thiab biosynthesis. Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm ob txoj kev:
Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob
Tshuaj lom hluav taws xob hluavtaws yog txhawm rau tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom siv raw los tsim cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov tshuaj organic. Txoj kev no feem ntau yuav tsum muaj qhov kub siab dua thiab lub zog, thiab muaj qee qhov chaw qias neeg ib puag ncig. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
1. Diazotization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm aromatic thawj amines thiab nitrous acid los tsim cov ntsev diazonium.
2. Coupling kev tawm tsam: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntsev ua yeeb yam diazonium, phenols lossis cov sib xyaw uas muaj methylene los tsim cov kab ke azo.
3. Lwm yam kev tawm tsam: kuj suav nrog electrophilic hloov cov kev cai, xws li muaj cov organic txawv, xws li pigon pigments, etcridone pigments, thiab lwm yam.
Biosynthesis
Cov qauv Biosynthesis yog siv cov kab mob xws li cov kab mob me me lossis cov nroj tsuag los ua ke cov khoom siv organic. Cov qauv no tsis tsuas muaj kev xaiv siab thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig thiab kev siv zog. Cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
1. Microbial fermentation: fermentation ntawm cov kab mob me raws li cov kab lis kev cai uas haum rau tsim cov orgiental uas tsim nyog.
2. Cog extraction: rho tawm cov pigic pigments los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb, xws li rho tawm cov xim xim xim los ntawm comfrey.
3. Enzyme - catalalzed RAWS LI: Siv cov enzymes tshwj xeeb los ua kom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov orgiic.
Qhia Txog Cov Qauv Hluav Taws Xob
Raws li hom kev tawm tsam organic, cov qauv hluavtaws tuaj yeem ua tau ntxiv:
1. AZO Pigments: Feem ntau yog synthesized los ntawm diazotization thiab coupling kev tawm tsam.
2. Quinacridone Pigments: synthesized los ntawm kaw {1} Lub teeb tsis kam, huab cua tsis kam, thiab tsiv teb tsaws chaw.
3. Phthalocyanine Pigments: synthesized los ntawm kev sib xyaw hlau hlau, nrog lub teeb ua tau zoo heev thiab kub tiv taus.
4. Polycyclic lossis condensed ntiv nplhaib sib txuas: tsim los ntawm ntau -}} entse organic synthesis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog siab ruaj khov.
Lub ntsiab
Cov txheej txheem hluavtaws ntawm cov organic pigments muaj ntau yam sib txawv, suav nrog tshuaj synthesis thiab biosynthesis. Tshuaj lom hluav taws xob tawm cov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov khoom siv organic, thaum biosynanthesis siv cov hluavtaws organic pigments. Ntau hom organic pigments muaj cov txheej txheem hluavtaws sib txawv, xws li pigon pigments, pigacridone pigments, thiab lwm yam.