Pigments yog cov khoom uas muab cov xim rau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev xaiv haum thiab kev xav ntawm lub teeb. Thaum nws los txog rau cov organic pigments, lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ntau chav kawm ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv lub peev xwm los nqus lub teeb ntawm tej wavelengths, uas ua rau pom xim. Cov organic pigments tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb chav kawm raws li lawv cov qauv tshuaj thiab cov khoom. Hauv qab no yog kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov chav kawm tseem ceeb ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas pigments poob hauv qab.
1. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
PAHs yog ib pawg ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas muaj ntau lub nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab. Qee cov xim tau los ntawm PAHs paub txog lawv cov xim sib sib zog nqus, nplua nuj xim. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv cov xim pleev xim thiab cov txheej txheem. Aniline dub, siv dav siv hluavtaws dye, yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov xim uas tau los ntawm PAHs.
2. Phthalocyanines
Phthalocyanines yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov qauv macrocyclic loj nrog lub hauv paus hlau ion, feem ntau tooj liab. Cov tebchaw no paub txog lawv cov xim xiav thiab ntsuab xim. Phthalocyanine xiav yog ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb, dav siv hauv luam ntawv inks, xim, thiab coatings vim nws cov xim zoo heev thiab ruaj khov.
3. Perylenes thiab Perinones
Cov no yog lwm chav kawm ntawm polycyclic aromatic compounds paub txog lawv cov xim liab, txiv kab ntxwv, thiab daj. Perylene liab thiab perinone txiv kab ntxwv yog cov piv txwv ntawm cov xim ntawm cov chav kawm no. Lawv muaj nuj nqis rau lawv lub zog tinting siab, lightfastness, thiab tsis kam mus rau tshuaj.
4. Quinacridones
Quinacridones yog heterocyclic organic tebchaw uas muaj cov xim zoo nkauj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv magenta rau liab-violet ntau yam. Lawv paub txog lawv qhov tshwj xeeb durability, lightfastness, thiab chemical resistance. Quinacridone magenta yog cov xim nrov hauv cov xim pleev xim thiab pleev xim.
5. Anthraquinones
Anthraquinones yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov qauv quinone nrog ob pawg ketone. Cov tebchaw no tsim cov xim sib sib zog nqus, zoo nkauj thiab siv ntau yam kev siv, nrog rau cov xim dyes thiab pigments. Anthraquinone-raws li pigments yog paub rau lawv zoo heev lightfastness thiab stability.
6. Isoindolines
Isoindolines yog ib chav kawm tshiab ntawm cov organic pigments uas muab cov xim ci thiab zoo nkauj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xim daj thiab txiv kab ntxwv. Lawv paub txog lawv qhov zoo tshaj plaws lightfastness, kub stability, thiab tshuaj tsis haum. Isoindoline daj yog ib hom xim xim hauv pawg no.
7. Thiazoles thiab Thiazines
Cov no yog cov nitrogen-muaj cov tshuaj heterocyclic uas tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam xim nyob ntawm lawv cov qauv. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov dyes thiab pigments rau textiles, plastics, thiab inks. Lawv cov qauv tshwj xeeb tso cai rau kev tsim cov pigments nrog cov xim tshwj xeeb thiab ruaj khov.
Xaus
Organic pigments encompass ntau ntau cov qauv tshuaj, txhua qhov ua rau muaj ntau yam xim thiab cov khoom muaj nyob hauv cov xim niaj hnub. Los ntawm PAHs thiab phthalocyanines mus rau anthraquinones thiab isoindolines, cov chav kawm ntawm cov organic tebchaw ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov xim rau ntau yam kev siv. Kev nkag siab txog cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov xim no pab xaiv cov xim zoo rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, ua kom pom kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab xav tau qhov zoo nkauj.