Cov xim tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: cov xim inorganic thiab cov xim muaj xim, suav raws lawv cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov xim daj ntuj thiab cov xim daj hluavtaws tuaj yeem faib ua lawv qhov chaw. Cov xim ntuj yog muab los ntawm cov khoom pov tseg xws li cinnabar, av liab liab, realgar, malachite ntsuab thiab av calcium carbonate, wollastonite, barite hmoov, talc hmoov, mica hmoov, kaolin, thiab lwm yam xws li roj ntsha los ntawm tsiaj, xws li los ntawm tsiaj: cochineal liab, ntuj ntses nplai hmoov, thiab lwm yam.; los ntawm cov nroj tsuag: garcinia, alizarin liab, indigo, thiab lwm yam. Cov xim muaj hluavtaws yog cov khoom sib txuas, xws li cov inorganic pigments xws li titanium dawb, zinc barium dawb, txhuas chrome daj, hlau xiav, thiab cov organic xim xws li caws pliav hmoov, txawm tias lub teeb daj, phthalocyanine xiav, quinacridone thiab lwm yam. Raws li cov haujlwm ntawm cov xim, lawv tau faib ua cov khoom siv tiv thaiv xeb, cov xim sib nqus, luminescent pigments, pearlescent pigments, conductive pigments, thiab lwm yam. Cov xim muaj peev xwm muab faib ua dawb, daj, liab, xiav, ntsuab, xim av, ntshav, xim dub, tsis hais lawv qhov twg los yog tshuaj lom neeg. Lub npe nrov" Xim Index" (Xim Index) yog cov txheej txheem los ntawm kev faib xim: xws li faib cov xim rau hauv cov xim daj (PY), xim xim txiv kab ntxwv (PO), xim xim liab (PR), xim xim (PV), xim xim xiav (PB), Xim Xim Xaj (PG), Xim Xim Xim Xim (PBr), Xim Xim Dub (PBk), Xim Xim Dawb (PW), Hlau Xim Xim (PM) thiab lwm kaum pawg, xim muaj xim tib xim yog teem raws li tus lej xaj, xws li titanium dawb yog PW- 6. Zinc barium dawb PW-5, hmoov txhuas chrome daj PY-34, quinacridone PR-207, hlau oxide liab PR-101, phthalocyanine xiav PB-15, thiab lwm yam kom nrhiav tau cov tshuaj lom neeg, muaj lwm yam qauv. cov naj npawb, xws li titanium dawb PW-6C.I.77891, phthalocyanine xiav yog PB-15C.I.74160, yog li cov xim tsim hluav taws xob thiab cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov npe xim muaj sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov qauv tshuaj. Yog li, nws tau siv dav hauv thoob ntiaj teb cov xim pleev xim rau kev lag luam tawm thiab xa tawm, thiab qee cov tuam txhab xim lag luam tseem siv thoob ntiaj teb kev faib tawm cov qauv rau cov xim no. Tuam Tshoj' s lub teb chaws tus qauv rau pigments GB / T3182-1995 kuj tseem siv cov kev faib tawm xim. Cov xim ntawm txhua xim muaj cov cim, xws li dawb rau BA, liab rau HO, daj rau HU ... Ua ke nrog cov lej cim thiab cov lej ntawm cov qauv tshuaj, cov qauv ntawm cov xim muaj li, xws li rutile titanium dawb. BA-01-03, nruab nrab chrome daj daj HU-02-02, hlau oxide liab HO-01-01, zinc barium dawb BA-11-01, toluidine liab HO-02-01, BGS phthalocyanine xiav LA-61-02, lwm yam.
Pigments feem ntau muaj cov khoom nram qab no:
xim. Xim xim muaj xim muaj xim uas xaiv kev nqus thiab khawb qhov pom lub teeb.
Hauv qab ntuj pom lub teeb, nws qhia daj, liab, xiav, ntsuab thiab lwm yam xim.
Lub hwj chim xim. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov xim pleev xim rau kom nqus teeb meem. Nws tuaj yeem raug qhia ua feem pua tus txheeb ze ntawm cov xim muaj zog ntawm cov qauv ua qauv xim.
Nkaum fais fab. Lub peev xwm los npog cov xim ntawm cov txheej npoo sab hauv cov khoom siv zaj duab xis. Nws feem ntau yog qhia hauv grams ntawm cov xim muaj nyob hauv xim pleev npog thaj tsam ntawm 1 square meter.
Cwj Vuam Chiv. Cov xim daj tswj nws cov xim kev ua tau zoo hauv qab lub teeb. Nws feem ntau sawv cev los ntawm yim-theem system, nrog yim yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
Huab cua tsis kam. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov xim muaj peev xwm tswj hwm lawv cov kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv qee yam ntuj los yog huab cua kev huab cua. Ib tsib-theem system feem ntau siv, nrog tsib ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws.
ພາບ nrov. Feem ntau yog hais txog kev ya raws, cov kev tswj dav dav tsis yog ntau dua 1%.
Roj haum. Nws yog hais txog cov naj npawb ntawm cov gram ntawm cov roj lim uas tau siv rau 100 gram ntawm cov xim xim los ua ib pawg hnyav. Cov roj nqus dej zoo dua. Cov roj nqus dej muaj feem xyuam nrog thaj chaw tshwj xeeb thiab cov qauv ntawm cov xim tso tawm.
Dej soluble. Cov dej-soluble yam muaj nyob hauv cov xim muaj qhia raws li feem pua ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov xim. Rau cov xim siv hauv cov xim pleev xim, cov dej-cov tshuaj tsis sib haum feem ntau tswj tau qis dua 1%.