Cov plhu uas siv rov ua dua tshiab, tseem hu ua reactive dyes, yog ib hom tshiab ntawm cov dej-soluble dyes uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 1950. Cov lwg me me ntawm reactive dyes muaj cov reactive pawg uas tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog hydroxyl pawg hauv cellulose thiab amino pawg hauv cov protein ua haujlwm. Cov kev cog lus sib xyaw yog tsim los tsim" dye-fiber" sib txuas. Cov qog ua kom zoo muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xim qaim, qib zoo dyeing, hom yooj yim dyeing, siab zas xim ceev, ua tiav chromatogram thiab tsis tshua muaj nqi. Lawv tsuas yog siv rau dyeing paj rwb, ntaub pua chaw, viscose, txhob lo lo ntxhuav, ntaub plaub thiab lwm yam fibers thiab lawv cov xov zoo. Thiab luam ntawv.
txhais tau
Cov voos uas siv rov qab tau tseem hu ua reactive dyes. Cov txheej txheem molecule muaj cov pab pawg neeg tawm tswv yim uas tuaj yeem xav nrog cov paj rwb, ntaub plaub thiab lwm cov roj ntsha hauv cov tshuaj tov los tsim cov xim sib txuas. Muaj siab ntxuav ceev
kev faib tawm
Raws li cov sib txawv reactive pab pawg, reactive dyes yuav tau muab faib ua ob hom loj.
mis
Symmetric triazine type Cov lus qhia dav dav yog:
Hauv cov qauv, D yog niam txiv zas. Hauv cov xim reactive zoo li no, cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine atom ntawm cov pab pawg neeg mob siab dua. Thaum lub sij hawm zas, chlorine atoms yog hloov los ntawm cellulose fibers hauv alkaline nruab nrab thiab dhau los ua pawg thiab tawm mus. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm zas thiab cellulose fiber yog bimolecular nucleophilic hloov chaw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (saib kev hloov pauv).
Vinyl sulfone hom" Pawg neeg siv tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj nyob hauv hom reactive yog vinyl sulfone (D-SO2CH=CH2) lossis β-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulfate. Thaum lub sij hawm zas xim, β-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulfate ester yauv tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ua cov pab pawg vinyl sulfone nyob rau hauv nruab nrab alkaline, tom qab ntawd ua ke nrog cellulose fiber thiab undergoes nucleophilic sib ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ua ib daim ntawv cog lus.
Saum toj no ob hom reactive dyes yog lub ntsiab reactive dyes nrog cov zis ntau tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho tus nqi kho mob ntawm cov kua roj reactive, ob pawg rov qab tau nkag mus rau hauv cov roj ntsha xim hauv xyoo tas los, hu ua dual reactive dyes. Ntxiv nrog rau ntau yam rau cellulose fibers, reactive dyes kuj tau tsim ntau yam rau cov khoom siv protein (xws li txhob lo lo ntxhuav, ntaub plaub thiab lwm yam).